@Article{AbduBRSSPMSPG:2009:ElHiSp,
               author = "Abdu, Mangalathayil Ali and Batista, Inez Staciarini and Reinisch, 
                         B. W. and Souza, J. R. de and Sobral, Jose Humberto Andrade and 
                         Pedersen, T. R. and Medeiros, A. F. and Schuch, Nelson Jorge and 
                         Paula, Eurico Rodrigues de and Groves, K. M.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and Center for 
                         Atmospheric, University of Massachusettes, Lowell, USA and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and Air Force Research 
                         Laboratoy, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts, USA and 
                         {Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Brazil} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and Air Force Research Laboratoy, 
                         Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts, USA",
                title = "Conjugate point equatorial experiment (COPEX) campaign in Brazil: 
                         Eletrodynamics hightlights on spread F development conditions and 
                         day-to-day variability",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",
                 year = "2009",
               volume = "114",
               number = "A04308",
                month = "Apr.",
             keywords = "Conjugate ionospheres, plasma bubble/spread F, vertical plasma 
                         drift, transequatprial wind, large scale wave structures, ESF 
                         day-to-day variability.",
             abstract = "A conjugate point equatorial experiment (COPEX) campaign was 
                         conducted during October - December 2002 period in Brazil, with 
                         the objective to investigate the equatorial spread F/plasma bubble 
                         irregularity (ESF) development conditions in terms of the 
                         electrodynamical state of the ionosphere along the magnetic flux 
                         tubes in which they occur. A network of instruments including 
                         digisondes, optical imagers, and GPS receivers, were deployed at 
                         magnetic conjugate and dip equatorial locations, in a geometry 
                         that permitted field line mapping of the conjugate E layers to dip 
                         equatorial F layer bottomside. We analyze in this paper the 
                         extensive digisonde data from the COPEX stations, complemented by 
                         limited all-sky imager conjugate point observations. The SUPIM 
                         (Sheffield University Plasmasphere-ionosphere Model) is used to 
                         assess the transequatorial winds (TEW) as inferred from the 
                         observed difference of hmF2 at the conjugate sites. New results 
                         and evidences on the ESF development conditions and the related 
                         ambient electrodynamic processes from this study can be 
                         highlighted as follows: 1) large scale bottomside wave 
                         structures/satellites traces at equator followed by their 
                         simultaneous appearance at conjugate sites are shown to be 
                         indicative of the ESF instability initiation; 2) the evening 
                         prereversal electric field enhancement (PRE)/vertical drift 
                         presents systematic control on the time delay in SF onset at 
                         off-equatorial sites indicative of the vertical bubble growth, 
                         under weak transequatorial wind; 3) the PRE presents large 
                         latitude/height gradient in the Brazilian sector; 4) conjugate 
                         point symmetry/asymmetry of large scale plasma depletions versus 
                         smaller scale structures are revealed; 5) while transequatorial 
                         winds seem to suppress ESF development in a case study, the medium 
                         term trend in the ESF seems to be controlled more by the variation 
                         in the PRE than in the TEW during the COPEX period. Competing 
                         influences of the evening vertical plasma drift in favoring the 
                         ESF development and that of the TEW in suppressing its growth are 
                         discussed presenting a perspective on the ESF day-to-day and 
                         medium term variabilities.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2008JA013749",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013749",
                 issn = "0148-0227 and 2156-2202",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Conjugate point equatorial experiment (COPEX) campain in Brazil 
                         Electrodynamics highlights on spread F... M. A. Abdu.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "13 maio 2024"
}